M. smithii is a single-celled archaeon found in human gut microbiota. It has coccobacillus shape and is a methanogen and hydrogenotroph. Found in dental plaque and vagina with vaginosis
Microbiome research has grown rapidly with $1.7 billion spent in past decade. Field faces challenges in data standardization and collaboration. Microbiome research increasingly driven by methods rather than hypotheses
Flora refers to various plant groups living in specific places or times. Plants are eukaryotic multicellular species with chlorophyll for photosynthesis. Plants store excess food as starch and are fixed and non-motile
M. smithii is the dominant methanogenic archaeon in human gut microbiota. It has coccobacillus shape and colonizes colon and rectum in anaerobic environment. Utilizes hydrogen and carbon dioxide to form methane through hydrogenotrophic metabolism. Can convert formate to CO2 via formate dehydrogenase enzymes
Gram-positive species in heterofermentative genus Limosilactobacillus. Found in sourdough, cocoa fermentation and dental caries lesions. Has nomadic lifestyle and is not stable in human microbiota. Some strains show natural antibiotic resistance
Human microbiome includes all microorganisms residing on or within human tissues. Approximately 700 microorganisms inhabit the human body. Bacterial cells are 38 trillion, compared to 30 trillion human cells. More than 10,000 microbial species have been identified