MPFL reconstruction restores lateral patellar mobility in patellar instability. MPFL provides 50-60% of medial soft tissue resistance to lateral dislocation. Surgery indicated for recurrent instability with excessive lateral laxity. Considered for osteochondral fractures and loose bodies
Fibrocartilage band spanning knee joint between femur and tibia. Has crescent shape, unlike circular lateral meniscus. Separates bones to reduce contact area and serve as shock absorber. Less mobile than lateral meniscus due to tibial collateral ligament attachment
ACL surgery replaces torn ligament with tendon graft. Surgery typically takes less than two hours under anesthesia. Most surgeries performed arthroscopically through small incisions
Reverse lunge is a bodyweight exercise targeting lower body muscles. Front leg should be at 90-degree angle during movement. Exercise is one of the most accessible lunge variations
Hamstrings are muscles on back of thighs connecting legs to pelvis. Tight hamstrings can affect mobility in hips and knees. Sports and quick movements can cause hamstring strain
Popliteus muscle is located in deep posterior compartment of leg. Originates from lateral femoral condyle and inserts on proximal tibia. Innervated by tibial nerve and forms foundation of popliteal fossa