Converts glucose into cellular energy and lactic acid in anaerobic conditions. Occurs in bacteria and animal cells, especially muscle cells. Homolactic fermentation produces two lactic acid molecules per glucose molecule. Heterolactic fermentation yields carbon dioxide and ethanol
Primary digestive organ, 3.05 meters long with 200 m2 surface area. Divided into duodenum (25.4 cm), jejunum (0.9 m), and ileum (1.8 m). Contains circular folds, villi, and microvilli for nutrient absorption. Completes digestion and absorbs most water via osmosis
Milk was promoted as essential by government since 1940s. Three glasses daily recommended by USDA and HHS guidelines. Milk was associated with strength, health, and happiness
Lactose intolerance makes it difficult to digest milk sugar. Congenital deficiency causes severe diarrhea in infants. Lactase nonpersistence affects adults with reduced lactase production. Symptoms appear 30 minutes to 2 hours after consuming dairy
One cup of 2% milk contains 122 calories, 8g protein, and 307mg calcium. Milk provides all carbohydrates from lactose, with added sugars in flavored varieties. Contains 82% casein and 18% whey protein, essential for human nutrition. Rich in calcium, vitamin D, B12, and other essential minerals
Postprandial diarrhea can be acute or chronic. Acute diarrhea typically resolves within 1-2 days. Chronic diarrhea may indicate serious health conditions