Calculator determines minimum sample size needed for statistical constraints. Population is sampled to infer information about its characteristics. Sample proportion (p̂) is normally distributed with mean p and variance p(1-p)/n
Confidence interval shows likely population values with high certainty. Most common confidence levels are 95% or 99%. Statistical tools like t-test are used to calculate confidence intervals
Calculator helps determine sample size needed for precise population representation. Confidence interval shows plus-or-minus range of likely population responses. Most researchers use 95% confidence level
Margin of error measures random sampling error in survey results. Larger margin indicates less confidence in poll results. Positive margin occurs with incomplete sampling and varying measures
Study conducted by Ahmet and Mehmet (2023), Ali et al. (2023), and Walker and Allen (2023). Research model includes universe, sample, and data collection tools. Data collected using XXXXX scale (XXS) and YXS
Standard error measures the standard deviation of a test statistic. Test statistic is a numerical summary used to assess hypotheses. Standard error is denoted SE or SEM. Used to calculate confidence intervals