Solutions are provided for instructors using Adams and Essex's Calculus textbooks. Manual contains detailed solutions for core material and techniques. Some details may be omitted in applications of integration
Concentric objects share the same center in geometry. Includes circles, spheres, polygons, polyhedra, cones, and quadrics. Coaxial objects share the same axis (line of symmetry)
Astroid is a 4-cusped hypocycloid with parametric equations. Arc length, curvature, and tangential angle are calculated using specific formulas. Perimeter and area can be computed using general hypocycloid formulas
Triangle inscribed in semicircle of diameter AB has angle AOB of 90°
Concentric circles share the same center but different radii. The region between concentric circles is called an annulus. The annulus can be modeled as a flat ring
Semicircle is half of a circle's circumference. Minor arcs are shorter than semicircles. Major arcs are longer than semicircles