Born around 1225, Aquinas became a Dominican friar and studied philosophy in Paris. He received his doctorate and became master of theology at the University of Paris. His works totaled over eight million words, with most surviving texts being theological
Spinoza's Ethics was written between 1661-1675 and published posthumously in 1677. It is the most ambitious attempt to apply Euclid's method in philosophy. The book contains hundreds of propositions derived from definitions and axioms
The Monadology was written by Leibniz in 1714 during his Vienna stay. The text consists of 90 paragraphs about simple substances called monads. There are three original manuscripts, including Leibniz's original and two emended copies
Eternity means timeless existence outside time. Boethius defined eternity as possession of interminable life. Thomas Aquinas believed God's eternity is divine simplicity. Hobbes suggested eternity is permanent now
Born in Amsterdam in 1632 to Portuguese-Jewish immigrants seeking religious freedom. Studied Hebrew, Latin, and lens making before being excommunicated in 1656. Moved to Leiden and Voorburg, where he developed a reputation for lens quality. Corresponded with leading European thinkers including Huygens and Leibniz
The Darkness, also known as Amara, is God's twin sister and primordial entity. She exists alongside God since the beginning of time. God sealed her away using the Mark of Cain to prevent destruction. She consumes souls and angelic essence to gain power