Mesopotamian Arabic is the most widely spoken language in Iraq. Kurdish (Sorani and Kurmanji) follows as second most spoken language. Iraqi Turkmen/Turkoman uses Turkish alphabet as formal written language. Neo-Aramaic languages use Syriac script
Arabic is the most widely spoken language in Syria. Kurdish is second most spoken, spoken by Kurdish minority. Turkish is third most spoken, spoken by Turkmen/Turkoman minority. Neo-Aramaic has four dialects, spoken in western Syria
Located 7 kilometers northeast of Erbil city center. Welcomed 2.084 million passengers in 2024. Features world's longest runway measuring 4,800 meters. Single passenger terminal can handle up to 4.5 million passengers annually
Kurdish is an Indo-European language with 40 million speakers worldwide. There are nearly 30 Kurdish dialects, with Sorani and Kurmanji being main groups. Kurdish has more sounds than Arabic and Turkish, making pronunciation challenging
Turkish is the only official language of Turkey with over 75 million speakers. Turkish evolved from Ottoman Turkish through 1923 language reform. Turkish script was replaced by Latin in 1923
Turkish is the official language of Turkey, spoken by 75 million people globally. Turkish is ranked 12th most spoken language worldwide. Turkish language originated from Proto-Turkic in Mongolia 3000 years ago