Extends 1,200 miles southeast from Suez to Bab el-Mandeb Strait. Separates coasts of Egypt, Sudan, Eritrea, Saudi Arabia, and Yemen. Maximum width 190 miles, depth 9,974 feet, area 174,000 square miles
Volatility describes how readily a substance vaporizes or condenses. High volatility means more likely to exist as vapor, low volatility as liquid/solid. Volatility is measured using vapor pressures or boiling points. Vapor pressure indicates how readily condensed phase forms vapor
Evaporator uses heat transfer to facilitate liquid-to-vapor phase transition. Circulating liquid is exposed to reduced pressure environment. Main components include tubes, fins, heat source, and vapor distillation
Water cycle is continuous movement of water on, above and below Earth's surface. Earth's total water mass remains constant, but water distribution varies. Ocean holds 97% of Earth's water, source of 86% of global evaporation
Boiling is rapid liquid-to-gas phase transition at 100°C. Two main types: nucleate boiling with bubbles and critical heat flux boiling. Boiling point decreases with altitude due to lower atmospheric pressure
Distilled water is made by boiling water until vapor and letting it condense. Glass bowl should float in boiling water without touching bottom. Process requires 45 minutes of boiling with ice. Distilled water is safe to drink but tastes flatter than tap water