JND is the minimum level of stimulation detectable 50% of the time. Applies to all five senses and various physical factors. Different from absolute threshold, which measures smallest detectable level
Sense is the mental representation of external objects through organs. Sense is caused by external objects pressing on body's organs. Sense produces different appearances through various organs
JND is the minimum amount of change needed to detect a stimulus. Concept was first proposed by German psychologist Ernst Heinrich Weber. Weber's law states that JND is directly proportional to original stimulus value
JND is the amount of change needed for noticeable difference detectable 50% of time. Weber discovered this law while studying weight perception. JND is a constant proportion of reference sensory level. JND is not absolute and varies between trials
Salience refers to the property of something standing out. Salient events help organisms focus limited resources on pertinent sensory data. Saliency arises from contrasts between items and their neighborhood. Training can influence what is salient, like letters becoming salient
Gestalt psychology emerged in early 20th century Austria and Germany. Founded by Wertheimer, Koffka, and Köhler as reaction to structuralism. Wertheimer discovered phi phenomenon in 1912, marking beginning of Gestalt psychology