Bipolar disorder causes extreme mood swings between mania and depression. Mania involves extreme energy and happiness, while depression causes sadness and loss of interest. Episodes typically last several days and may occur multiple times yearly. Symptoms affect sleep, energy, activity, judgment, and thinking abilities
Bipolar I involves severe mania and often depression. Bipolar II features less severe hypomania. Both types can include periods of euthymia
Mania is a behavioral disorder characterized by intense mood swings and high energy levels. Symptoms include euphoria, rapid speech, hyperactivity, and hallucinations. Manic episodes can last up to a week, while hypomania lasts about four days. Symptoms may include sleep deprivation, high self-esteem, and impulsive behavior
Stimulants are mainstay treatment for ADHD but carry bipolar risks. One in seven bipolar patients experience mood worsening with stimulants. Methylphenidate shows less risk than amphetamines. Only three placebo-controlled trials showed positive ADHD effects in bipolar
Bipolar disorder affects millions worldwide with mood swings between mania and depression. World Bipolar Day celebrated on March 30th to raise awareness. Proper diagnosis makes bipolar disorder treatable
Bipolar disorder affects approximately 2.4% of the population worldwide. Average age of onset is 25 years, with three distinct age groups. Illness causes substantial impairment for approximately half of the patient's life. Diagnosis can be challenging, with up to 10 years delay in recognition