Latin has many words used in everyday speech and scientific fields. Latin alphabet shares sounds with English, except for specific letters. Latin has 6 diphthongs and 6 vowel combinations. Latin words have flexible word order with stressed syllables
Ordinal numbers are ordered adjectives like "first" in English. Cardinal numbers indicate quantity like "one" in English. Ordinal numbers decline like first and second declension adjectives
Latin is an Indo-European language in Italic group, ancestral to Romance languages. Originally spoken by people along lower Tiber River. Spread throughout Europe and Mediterranean coastal regions of Africa. Used widely for scholarly and literary purposes until late 20th century
Latin phrase meaning "I came; I saw; I conquered". Attributed to Julius Caesar in 47 BC after Battle of Zela. Caesar used it in report to Roman friend Amantius. Displayed as inscription during Pontic triumph
Dominus means master or owner in Latin. Derives from Proto-Italic *dom-o/u-no- meaning "he of the house". Originally used by slaves to address masters
Alma mater means 'nourishing mother' in Latin. Term originally referred to mother goddesses like Ceres and Cybele. Lucretius first used it in De rerum natura (2991-993). Later became title for Mary in Christian liturgy