Clarus 590/690 GC systems offer flexible handling of critical samples. New platform features wide-range FID and improved capillary injector. System includes autosampler technology for liquid injection and SPME
TLC separates components in non-volatile mixtures on non-reactive plates. Stationary phase is coated with adsorbent material, mobile phase carries sample. Different compounds move up plate at different speeds due to phase attraction. Visualization possible under UV light or staining
Protein purification isolates specific proteins from complex mixtures. Purification is crucial for studying protein function and structure. Process can separate protein from non-protein parts and desired protein
Dispersity measures heterogeneity of molecule sizes in mixtures. IUPAC replaced polydispersity index with dispersity (Đ) symbol. Dispersity ranges from 0 to 1, approaching unity for uniform chains
GC-MS combines gas chromatography and mass spectrometry for substance identification. First online coupling reported in late 1950s. Instrument consists of gas chromatograph and mass spectrometer. High temperatures (300°C) can cause molecule degradation
Microscopes are used to observe tiny objects, with light and electron types. Test tubes hold and mix liquids, available in various sizes. Volumetric flasks measure exact volumes of liquids at precise temperatures. Bunsen burners sterilize objects and heat substances