Shyness is a feeling of apprehension and awkwardness around others. Primary defining characteristic is fear of negative reactions to behavior. Stronger forms can be referred to as social anxiety or phobia
Rumination is focused attention on mental distress symptoms. Nolen-Hoeksema's Response Styles Theory is most widely used conceptualization. Rumination develops and sustains psychopathology conditions like anxiety and depression
Rumination involves repetitive, passive thoughts about distress without solutions. Rumination often leads to self-blame and cognitive distortions. Rumination can be contagious between people. Rumination doesn't generate new ways of thinking or behaviors
Excessive thinking about a topic for long periods. Can lead to depression, anxiety, and PTSD. Difficulty focusing on other things while thinking
Social isolation involves being cut off from contact with others. Extended isolation harms mental and physical well-being. Social isolation increases risk of depression, anxiety, and cognitive decline. Isolation linked to higher risk of heart disease and weakened immunity
Humans are naturally wired to believe others are staring at them. Brain's amygdala can detect extremely quiet noises. Confirmation bias makes people remember seeing someone watching more. Physical sensations of being watched are purely psychological