Solubility describes the maximum amount of solute that can dissolve in a solvent. Solutions can be dilute, saturated, or precipitate solutions. Solubility is measured in grams per liter (g/L)
Thermal conductivity varies with temperature and pressure for most materials. Most materials are nearly homogeneous, so k = k(T) applies. Thermal conductivity increases with temperature difference and conductivity
Relative density is the ratio of substance's density to reference substance's density. Reference substances are usually water for liquids and solids, air for gases. Formula: Relative density = substance density ρsub/reference density ρref
Density is mass per unit volume. Density can be measured for solids, liquids, and gases. Density is measured in grams per cubic centimeter (g/cm³)
Strain rate is the time derivative of material strain. It measures distance changes in adjacent material parcels. Combines expansion and shear rates. Zero when all particles move at same velocity
Volumetric heat capacity for solids is approximately 3 J/m³/K. Molar heat capacities for paraffin, gasoline, water, and ammonia are high. Most solid heat capacities fall within the theoretical Dulong-Petit limit