Published in 1807 as part of a "System of Science". Contains Preface, Introduction, and six major divisions. Divided into sections on Sensuous-Certainty, Perceiving, Force, Self-Certainty, Reason, Spirit, Religion, and Absolute Knowing
Born in Stuttgart in 1770 during transition between Enlightenment and Romanticism. Studied at Tübingen Seminary with Hölderlin and Schelling. Became tutor in Berne and Frankfurt, influenced by Hölderlin
Hegel (1770-1831) was a major German idealist philosopher. He studied philosophy and theology at Tübingen, forming friendships with Hölderlin and Schelling. He moved to Jena in 1801 to work with Schelling, publishing his first major work. He became professor at Heidelberg and then Berlin universities
Hegel's dialectics consists of three moments: understanding, dialectical, and speculative. Understanding moment shows concepts with stable definitions. Dialectical moment reveals one-sidedness and self-sublation of understanding. Speculative moment unifies opposition between understanding and dialectical moments
Born in 1818 in Trier to Jewish parents who were Enlightenment-minded. Baptized at age six, exposed to religious prejudice and discrimination. Educated at Trier high school under police surveillance
Born in 1818 in Trier to Jewish parents who were Enlightenment-minded. Attended high school in Trier under police surveillance. Studied at Bonn University, where he participated in student activities. Enrolled at Berlin University, where he encountered Hegel's philosophy. Received doctoral degree from Jena University in 1841