PPL allows private aircraft command without remuneration. Applicants must be at least 17 years old. Minimum medical certificate and appropriate knowledge required. Licences issued by country's civil aviation authority
Aeronautics encompasses the science and art of air flight machines. Early attempts to fly involved wing construction and tower jumps. Chinese used man-carrying kites and hot air balloons. Roger Bacon described principles for lighter-than-air balloons
Traffic patterns are standard paths for aircraft during takeoff and landing. Patterns are used at small GA and military airports, not large controlled ones. Patterns ensure safety by providing predictable flight paths for pilots
Flight crew consists of captain, first officer, second officer, and relief crew. Flight engineers handle engines and systems, now mostly second officers. Cabin crew includes purser, flight attendant, and flight medic. Modern aircraft use dual-licensed pilots for flight engineer positions
Manual provides examples of radiotelephony phraseology from ICAO documents. Procedures are applicable in both VHF and HF environments. Manual is not exhaustive but represents common radiotelephony usage
Manual provides examples of radiotelephony phraseology from ICAO documents. Applicable in both VHF and HF environments. Covers general operating procedures and phraseology