Molecular cloning assembles recombinant DNA molecules for replication in host organisms. DNA sequences from source and host organisms are used. Process involves DNA fragments, vector DNA, and recombinant DNA introduction
X-linked recessive disorder causing progressive muscle weakness in legs and pelvis. Results from mutations in dystrophin protein gene's 79 exons. Less common than Duchenne MD, affecting 1.5-6 in 100,000 male births
Genetic disorders result from genome abnormalities, affecting 65% of people. Over 6,000 known genetic disorders exist, with new ones constantly being discovered. Around 1 in 50 people have single-gene disorders, 1 in 263 have chromosomal disorders. Approximately 1 in 21 people have rare genetic disorders
PEI is a polymer with amine groups and two carbon spacers. Linear PEI is semi-crystalline solid, branched PEI is amorphous liquid. Linear PEI is soluble in hot water, insoluble in cold water. Linear PEI forms cryogels upon freezing and thawing
Nucleotides consist of nitrogenous base, pentose sugar, and phosphate group. DNA contains four bases: guanine, adenine, cytosine, and thymine. RNA uses uracil instead of thymine. Nucleotides can be radiolabeled using radionuclides
DMD is a genetic disorder causing progressive muscle degeneration. Disease affects shoulder, upper arm, hips and thighs muscles. Symptoms typically appear between ages 2-3. Affects primarily boys, with rare cases in girls. Disease progresses from proximal to distal limb muscles