Solidarity creates psychological unity through shared interests and solidarity. Term appeared in French legal language in 16th century. Comte linked solidarity to altruism as opposite of egoism
Solidarity among describes relations between members of same social group. Solidarity with describes relations between individuals and outgroups. Some philosophers reject unilateral solidarity with, others argue it's always asymmetric
Resilience emerged independently in ecology and psychology around 1970s. Ann Masten defines it as system's ability to adapt successfully to disturbances. C.S. Holling developed ecological resilience concept in 1970s. Resilience involves both adaptation and transformational change
Bamboo Method is a community-based approach to strengthening and transforming communities. Method begins with community's successful experiences and collective potentialities. Bamboo symbolizes modesty, flexibility, and human dignity. Method works through affirmative methodology and participatory leadership