APQP ensures customer satisfaction through cross-functional planning and execution. Developed by Ford, GM, Chrysler in late 80s to standardize supplier quality systems. Process consists of four phases and five major activities
BPM captures and represents enterprise processes for analysis and improvement. Typically performed by business analysts with subject matter experts. Focuses on cross-functional identification of value-adding activities
Six Sigma originated from Motorola in 1986 to compete with Japanese kaizen. Lean Six Sigma emerged in 2001 as a unique process combining Lean and Six Sigma. First concept published in "Leaning into Six Sigma" by Mills, Wheat, and Carnell
VSM diagrams material and information flows from order to delivery. Toyota developed this tool as part of Toyota Production System. Value stream includes both value-creating and non-value-creating actions
Visual tool for analyzing and balancing workloads in processes. Displays process steps, cycle times, and workflow breakdown. Helps identify bottlenecks and uneven resource distribution
FMEA identifies and mitigates risks from system or process failures. Three types: Design, Process, and System FMEA. Michael Anleitner emphasizes importance of appropriate scope