HMGR is the rate-controlling enzyme in cholesterol biosynthesis. It is a transmembrane protein with 8 domains anchored in endoplasmic reticulum. The 1985 Nobel Prize awarded to Brown and Goldstein for cholesterol metabolism research
Dyslipidemia is a metabolic disorder with abnormal blood lipid levels. It increases risk of cardiovascular diseases including coronary artery disease. Most dyslipidemias in developed countries are hyperlipidemias
HMG-CoA reductase catalyzes cholesterol biosynthesis from HMG-CoA. Enzyme is anchored in endoplasmic reticulum membrane. Contains eight transmembrane domains, including sterol-sensing and catalytic domains. Gene located on chromosome 5q13.3-14
Statins block HMG-CoA reductase enzyme to reduce cholesterol production. They increase LDL receptors in liver cells for better cholesterol breakdown. Most effects occur in liver
Statins lower cholesterol by blocking cholesterol-making substance. Available statins include Lipitor, Lescol XL, Lovastatin, and others. Statins can reduce heart disease, stroke risk, and blood clot risk
Statins reduce cardiovascular events by 25-45%. About 90% of people experience no side effects. First statin, lovastatin, launched in 1987. Statins lower LDL cholesterol levels in bloodstream