DXA uses two X-ray beams with different energies to measure bone mineral density. Soft tissue absorption is subtracted to determine bone density. Two main types: cerium filter (80 kV) and samarium filter (100 kV)
Corticosteroids are widely used for inflammatory and autoimmune disorders. They have both glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid properties. Prednisone is most widely used, followed by dexamethasone
Reclast treats menopausal and steroid-induced osteoporosis. Zometa treats high blood calcium levels from cancer. Reclast increases bone mass in men with osteoporosis. Zometa treats multiple myeloma and bone cancer
Levothyroxine (Euthyrox) is the active ingredient in the medication. Thyroid hormones should not be used for weight loss. Higher doses may cause serious toxicity, especially with sympathomimetic amines
DEXA measures bone mineral density using two X-ray beams. Detects bone density changes as small as 1%, more accurate than regular X-rays. Helps diagnose osteoporosis and fracture risk
T-score measures bone density using X-rays and compares to 30-year-old average. T-scores between -1 and -2.5 indicate low bone mass but not osteoporosis. Diagnosis of osteoporosis requires T-score of -2.5 or lower