Century lasted from 1301 to 1400, with over 45 million deaths. Black Death killed 25 million Europeans, wiping out one-third. Hundred Years' War began in 1337 with Edward III's French throne claim. Timurid Empire established, causing 17 million deaths worldwide. Mali Empire reached peak under Mansa Musa I, richest medieval ruler
Earliest formal school developed in Egypt under Mentuhotep II's direction (2061-2010 BC). Ancient India had Vedic and Buddhist education systems, emphasizing character development. Ancient China created first education system in Xia dynasty (2076-1600 BC). Ancient Greece had mostly private education except in Sparta. Ancient Rome established formal schools by mid-4th century BC
Henry I of England signed Treaty of Alton in 1101, ending Anglo-Norman succession crisis. First Norwegian king Sigurd I led crusade to Holy Land in 1107-1111. Henry V crowned Holy Roman Emperor in 1111. First medieval universities founded, including Pierre Abelard's school
Arabs conquered North Africa and Iberian Peninsula by mid-century. Byzantine Empire defeated Arabs at Siege of Constantinople in 717-718. Battle of Tours in 732 halted Muslim advance into Western Europe. Abbasid Caliphate established in Baghdad in 750
Geologic time spans 4.6 billion to 3 million years ago. Prehistoric periods include Hadean through Anthropocene. Three-age system used in archaeology and anthropology. Mesolithic corresponds to beginning of Holocene epoch
Ancient Sumerians built stone basins for drinking water around 700 BC. Ancient Assyrians constructed rock-carved basins with lion reliefs. Ancient Egyptians developed systems for water hoisting from Nile. Ancient Greeks used aqueducts and gravity-powered fountains