LGMD is a rare genetic disorder affecting hip and shoulder muscles. Disease has autosomal inheritance pattern with prevalence 2.27-10 per 100,000. Fourth most common muscular dystrophy after dystrophinopathies and myotonic dystrophies
Accessory nerve (CN XI) supplies sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles. Derived from embryonic spinal segments C1-C6. Only cranial nerve to both enter and exit skull. Fibers originate in upper spinal cord from medulla to C6
X-linked recessive disorder causing progressive muscle weakness in legs and pelvis. Results from mutations in dystrophin protein gene's 79 exons. Less common than Duchenne MD, affecting 1.5-6 in 100,000 male births
Rare autoimmune disorder causing limb muscle weakness. Affects about 3.4 per million people, usually over 40. 60% of cases associated with underlying malignancy, most commonly small-cell lung cancer
Bell's palsy causes temporary weakness or paralysis of facial muscles. Affects one side of face, usually starting suddenly. Most common cause of one-sided facial paralysis
AFOs come in flexible, rigid, and jointed varieties. Custom-made or off-the-shelf options available. Three-point force system ensures optimal correction. Manufacturing involves plaster casting or 3D printing