Urination is the process of disposing urine through the urethra. Healthy adults have voluntary control, infants and injured individuals have involuntary reflex. Process consists of storage and voiding phases controlled by brain centers
Pelvic floor separates pelvic cavity from perineum and includes muscles, ligaments and fascia. Formed by levator ani and coccygeus muscles with associated connective tissue. Contains two hiatuses: urogenital and rectal. Some sources consider "floor" and "diaphragm" different, others include fascia
Bedwetting is involuntary urination during sleep after bladder control develops. Most common childhood complaint, affecting 14-16% of children annually. Only 5-10% of cases have specific medical causes
Two muscles control urine exit through urethra. External sphincter is skeletal muscle, controlled by pudendal nerve. Internal sphincter is smooth muscle, involuntary and primary urination control. Female external sphincter has three parts: urethrovaginal, compressor urethrae, and external urethrae
Kegels strengthen pelvic floor muscles supporting bladder and bowel. Exercises may improve bladder control and sexual function. Various factors can weaken pelvic floor muscles including prostate surgery
Reduces nighttime urination and bed wetting caused by medical conditions. Controls bleeding in hemophilia A and Von Willebrand's disease. Works by mimicking vasopressin to control urine production. Increases factor VIII activity for blood clotting