Campylobacter is a curved bacteria that can cause diarrheal disease. It is a gram-negative, motile bacteria found in nature and animals. Most common species are C. jejuni (80-90%) and C. coli (5-10%)
Curved, rod-shaped Gram-negative bacteria found in sea and estuaries. Motile with single polar flagellum, oxidase positive and facultatively aerobic. Contains pathogenicity island (PAI) on chromosome 2
Prevents nausea and vomiting from chemotherapy, radiation, migraines, and surgery. Available orally, intramuscularly, or intravenously. Used off-label for morning sickness and hyperemesis gravidarum. Effective for treating gastroenteritis and cyclic vomiting syndrome
Norovirus causes gastroenteritis with vomiting, diarrhea, and stomach pain. Symptoms appear 12-48 hours after exposure, recovery takes 1-3 days. Virus spreads through fecal-oral route, contaminated food/water, or person-to-person contact. Can survive weeks on surfaces and months in contaminated water
Salmonella causes foodborne disease worldwide, especially in humans. Bacteria are gram-negative rods classified into over 2500 serovars. Two main species: S. enterica and S. bongori
Gastroenteritis causes stomach and intestinal inflammation from viral or bacterial infections. Symptoms include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and sometimes fever. Most cases last 14 days, persistent 14-30 days, chronic over 30 days