Puberty begins around age 9 for 95% of boys, sometimes as late as 14. Boys typically reach puberty around age 13. Average height increase is 7-8 cm (3 inches) per year
Teens become more argumentative and independent. They can identify career aspirations and explain choices. Communication often occurs via text, social media, or writing. Concrete thinking dominates, with uneven development
Teens develop complex thought and express opinions verbally. They may have extensive vocabulary and show interest in justice. They prefer electronic communication and texting over direct communication. They start setting personal goals and focusing on future
Gentle massage of babies and young children using stroking, kneading, and rocking. Can start as early as newborn and adapt as child grows
Puberty typically begins between ages 8-13, lasting up to 6 years. Typical changes include growth spurts, breast development, and menstruation. Emotional maturity reaches average age of 32 for women. Brains aren't fully developed until age 25
Adolescence spans from puberty to adulthood, typically between ages 10-19. Puberty typically begins around ages 10-11 for girls and 11-12 for boys. Physical growth and cognitive development can extend beyond teens