Covalent bonding occurs when atoms share electrons to achieve noble gas configuration. Electrons shared between atoms form bonding pairs called lone pairs. Covalent bonding occurs between atoms of same or similar elements
Melting point is the moment metal transforms from solid to liquid. Thermal expansion and conductivity are directly related to melting point. Component failure can occur in high-temperature environments
Melting point is the lowest temperature at which metal transforms from solid to liquid. High-temperature applications require metals with high melting points. Melting point information is crucial for casting, metallurgical processes, and welding
Boiling point is the temperature at which a liquid begins to turn into gas. Melting point is the temperature at which a solid begins to turn into a liquid. Particle interactions determine the strength of forces between them
Only two elements are liquid at room temperature: mercury and bromine. Bromine melts at 265.9 K, mercury at 234.32 K. Room temperature is typically 20-25°C for science
Melting point is the temperature at which solid becomes liquid. Melting point varies with pressure and is specified at standard pressure. Substances can be cooled below freezing point without solid formation