Take time to read poem thoroughly and say it aloud. Write down initial impressions and questions while reading. Pay attention to title for deeper meaning clues
Literary theory interprets works of art through lenses like eyeglasses. Literary criticism evaluates literature using literary theories. Different theories reveal underlying meanings in texts
Written by Horace around 19 BC as an epistle to Piso's family. Contains 476 lines with nearly 30 maxims for young poets. First mentioned as "Ars Poetica" by Quintilian in 95 BC
Born in 1893, Richards studied philosophy at Cambridge University. Taught English at Cambridge, Harvard, and Tsinghua University. Married Dorothy Pilley in 1926, who died in 1986. Retired from Harvard in 1963, returned to Cambridge in 1974
Published in 1609, "Sonnet 18" became a textbook poetic piece. Part of 154 sonnets collection by Thomas Thorpe. Written over several years among Shakespeare's friends
Stylistics is a branch of applied linguistics studying language style in texts. Focuses on literary texts and spoken language's linguistic and tonal features. Links literary criticism to linguistics and can be applied to various texts