First knee arthroplasty performed by Gluck in 1860 using ivory hinges. Modern design emerged in 1960s with metal-on-polyethylene condylar implants. Total knee replacement now performed 16-44% more annually
Knee replacement replaces damaged joint surfaces with metal and plastic components. Most commonly performed for advanced osteoarthritis after conservative treatments fail. Can correct trauma, fractures, and mild deformities. Approximately 82% of total knee replacements last 25 years
Total knee replacement improves pain and quality of life for severe knee arthritis. Surgery typically requires 7-8" incision, 3-5 days hospital stay. Ten-year success rate exceeds 90% for most patients
Continuous passive motion machine helps gently bend and straighten knee. Acute care PT helps patients sit up, get out of bed, and walk. Simple exercises prevent deep vein thrombosis. Patients should be able to walk and navigate stairs by discharge
Surgery removes damaged knee joint surfaces and replaces them with implants. Implant lifespan is 20-25 years. Operation takes approximately 1 hour
Knee is largest joint in body, consisting of femur, tibia, and patella. Healthy knee has articular cartilage and synovial membrane for lubrication. Disease or injury can disrupt joint harmony causing pain and reduced function