Vitamin D3 supports bone health by enhancing calcium absorption and preventing osteoporosis. It strengthens the immune system and helps fight infections. Vitamin D3 improves mood and cognitive function, reducing depression risk. It supports muscle function and recovery after exercise. It helps regulate blood pressure and prevent cardiovascular disease
Skin, mucus and cilia protect body from pathogens. Immune system triggers when pathogens enter body. Antibodies recognize specific antigens and fight pathogens. Memory cells remain after pathogen defeat
CD4 T-cells signal immune response to pathogens. CD8 T-cells destroy infected cells and produce antiviral substances
Karl Landsteiner (1868-1943) is considered the father of blood transfusion. Bernardo Houssay (1887-1971) won the Nobel Prize for studying pituitary gland. Jean Dausset (1916-2009) shared the 1980 Nobel Prize for immunology. Torsten Wiesel (1924-present) and David H. Hubel (1926-2013) won the 1981 Nobel Prize for brain research. Gertrude Belle Elion (1918-1999) revolutionized drug development
EDS is a group of 13 genetic connective-tissue disorders. Symptoms include loose joints, stretchy skin, and abnormal scar formation. Current classification updated in 2017 with 13 subtypes. Affects 1 in 5,000 people globally
Located at back of throat, visible as pinkish lumps. Forms part of Waldeyer's ring with adenoid and other tonsils. Contains approximately 15 crypts and four lymphoid compartments. Covered with stratified squamous epithelium and fibrous capsule