Walking is an inverted pendulum gait where body vaults over stiff limbs. Walking is slower than running and requires only one foot on ground. Human walking speed averages 5 km/h, with brisk speeds up to 6.5 km/h. Walking saves approximately 65% of energy compared to running
First steam-powered vehicle built by Nicolas-Joseph Cugnot in 1769. First internal combustion-powered automobile designed by François Isaac de Rivaz in 1808. Modern car invented by Carl Benz in 1886. First mass-produced cars: Oldsmobile Curved Dash (1901) and Ford Model T (1908)
Traffic congestion is characterized by slower speeds and longer trip times. Urban road congestion has increased significantly since 1950s. Main causes include bad weather (15%), poor signal timing (5%), and special events (5%). Separation of work and residential areas causes frequent commuting
Paris is France's capital and largest city with 2.1 million residents (2023). Located on both banks of the Seine river, covering 105 km² area. Known as "City of Light" for extensive street lighting since 19th century
Panamax ships in 1970s carried 4,000 TEUs. Ultra-Large Container Vessels (ULCVs) emerged in early 2000s. MSC Irina holds current record with 24,346 TEUs
Frecciarossa reaches up to 186 mph, connecting major Italian cities. Frecciargento operates at 155 mph, serving Rome and eastern Italy. Frecciabianca runs at 124 mph, connecting major cities and Adriatic coast. Intercity trains connect 200 Italian cities, slower than high-speed