Nucleic acids store genetic information and enable protein synthesis. Composed of nucleotides linked by covalent bonds. Nucleotides contain nitrogenous base, sugar, and phosphate group
Macromolecules are large molecules composed of thousands of covalently bonded atoms. Term coined by Nobel laureate Hermann Staudinger in 1920s. Macromolecules can be polymers of smaller molecules called monomers
Uracil is one of four nucleotide bases in RNA, replacing thymine in DNA. Discovered in 1900 by Alberto Ascoli from yeast nuclein. Naturally occurs in yeast, bovine thymus, sperm and wheat germ. Forms planar, unsaturated compounds that absorb light
Nucleotides consist of nitrogenous base, pentose sugar, and phosphate group. DNA contains four bases: guanine, adenine, cytosine, and thymine. RNA uses uracil instead of thymine. Nucleotides can be radiolabeled using radionuclides
Nucleic acids are large biomolecules crucial in all cells and viruses. Composed of nucleotides: sugar, phosphate group, and nitrogenous base. Main types are DNA (deoxyribose) and RNA (ribose). DNA contains thymine, RNA contains uracil
Codon is a three-letter sequence in RNA and DNA that codes for specific amino acids. There are three types of codons: start, stop, and normal codons. Major nitrogenous bases in RNA are adenine, uracil, guanine, and cytosine