Ottoman Empire signed armistice with Allies on October 30, 1918. Allied forces occupied Ottoman territories in Arabia, Palestine, and Anatolia. Greek forces occupied Smyrna in May 1919, fueling Turkish resistance
Battle occurred in August 1915 between Ottoman defenders and British troops. Chunuk Bair was one of two objectives of the Battle of Sari Bair. British forces were reinforced with 15 divisions and Ottoman forces with 16 divisions
Ottoman Empire's defeat in WWI led to Allied occupation of Constantinople. Mustafa Kemal Pasha was appointed as military inspector in 1919. Ottoman military refused to surrender despite Allied orders
Graduated from Ottoman Military Staff College in 1905 as staff captain. Joined revolutionary society "Motherland and Liberty" in Damascus. Became senior captain in Third Army, participated in 1908 Young Turk Revolution
Ottoman Empire (1290s-1922) was vast land-based empire with diverse ethnicities. Millet system governed empire through semi-autonomous religious and ethnic communities. Empire faced challenges from competition with other empires and ethnic nationalism
Greeks started moving towards Eskişehir on January 6, 1921. First Battle of İnönü occurred on January 6-10, 1921. First constitution was accepted by Turkish Grand National Assembly on January 20. "The Sovereignty of the People" newspaper became daily on February 6