Miniature linear Hall-effect device operated by magnetic field. Operates between 4.5V and 6V supply voltage. Features low noise output without external filtering. Temperature range from -40°C to 150°C
L293D IC controls two DC motors or single stepper motor. IC handles voltages from 4.5V to 36V. Each channel delivers up to 1.2A peak output current
Shield contains two L293D motor drivers and 74HC595 shift register. Supports motor voltages from 4.5 to 25 volts. Can control up to four DC motors or two stepper motors
DC motors can be controlled using PWM for speed and H-Bridge for direction. PWM adjusts input voltage through ON-OFF pulses with varying duty cycles. H-Bridge reverses motor polarity by closing specific switches
P0087/88 indicate low/high fuel rail pressure problems. P0089/90 show fuel rail pressure regulator malfunctions. P0107/8 affect atmospheric pressure sensor readings. P0112/13 indicate intake air temperature sensor malfunctions. P0117/18 affect engine coolant temperature sensor readings
ECU controls engine through various switches and sensors. Processes signals and sends commands to fuel injection pump. Manages fuel, air, and ignition systems