Built in 1946 for Edgar J. Kaufmann in Palm Springs, California. Designed during International Style period with minimalism and open plans. Kaufmann was a Pittsburgh department store owner and Frank Lloyd Wright patron
Villa was originally an ancient Roman upper class country house. Villa urbana provided easy access from cities with decorated rooms. Villa rustica was permanent farmhouse for servants. Villa maritima were seaside villas with terraces and thermal baths
Born in Philadelphia in 1925, graduated from Princeton University in 1947. Studied under Jean Labatut at Princeton, developing analytical architectural approach. Worked briefly under Saarinen and Kahn before Rome Prize Fellowship
Born in Kuortane in 1898, studied architecture at Helsinki University of Technology. Fought in Finnish Civil War and completed first architectural project while student. Opened own architectural office in Jyväskylä in 1923
Tower blocks are tall buildings used for residential, office, or mixed purposes. High-rise buildings became possible with elevator invention and abundant materials. Most North American skyscrapers use steel frame, residential blocks concrete. Buildings over 150 meters tall generally considered skyscrapers
Mies van der Rohe designed the Tugendhat House in Brno, Czech Republic in 1928. The house was originally a wedding gift from the bride's parents. The couple gave Mies complete creative freedom and financial support