Citric acid is naturally found in citrus fruits and has been produced since 1784. It is colorless, odorless, and has a strong acidic taste. James Currie discovered it can be produced from Aspergillus niger mold in 1917
Colorless liquid with anesthetic odor. Boiling point 94.3°F, melting point -177.3°F. Less dense than water, floats on it. Flash point -49°F. Vapor pressure 442 mmHg at 68°F
Potassium sorbate is a white salt of sorbic acid, soluble in water (58.2%). Produced industrially by neutralizing sorbic acid with potassium hydroxide. Used as food preservative (E202) in concentrations 0.025-0.100%
Alkali metals exhibit metallic properties like conductivity, lustre, and malleability. Each atom contains a single weakly bound valence electron. They form positive ions when reacting with nonmetals
BHT is a lipophilic organic compound derived from phenol. Produced naturally by phytoplankton, cyanobacteria, and fungi in olives. Synthesized industrially from p-cresol and isobutylene
Chemical substance is unique matter with constant composition and properties. Substances can exist in different physical states without changing composition. Pure substances can be elements or compounds. Chemical mixtures form when substances combine without reacting