Iodine is crucial for thyroid, heart, liver, lung and immune function. Deficiency symptoms include weight gain, weakness, hair loss and memory problems. Iodine must be obtained through diet, deficiency is rare in developed countries
Goiter is irregular growth of thyroid gland at neck base. Can be overall enlargement or form thyroid nodules. Most common worldwide cause is iodine deficiency
Iodine deficiency affects 187 million people globally (2.7% of population). It is a leading cause of preventable intellectual disability. More common in developing countries and remote inland areas
Iodine is essential for thyroid hormone synthesis and normal growth. Thyroid gland concentrates 70-80% of body's iodine content. Recommended daily intake is 150 μg for adults, 220 μg for pregnant women
CIDS is a birth condition causing impaired physical and mental development. Symptoms include goiter, poor growth, thickened skin, and hair loss. Adult stature ranges from 100 to 160 cm without treatment. Mental deterioration and neurological impairment are common
Goitre is a neck swelling caused by enlarged thyroid gland. Worldwide over 90% of cases result from iodine deficiency. More common in women, especially autoimmune-related goitres