Petroleum is a naturally occurring liquid found beneath earth's surface. Created from organic matter through decomposition over millions of years. Used as fuel for vehicles, heating, and plastics production. Major influence on world politics and global economy
Global natural gas production reached 4.05 trillion cubic meters in 2023. US production increased 4.2%, Russia's fell 5.2% due to Ukraine war. Global demand grew 0.5%, China led with 7.2% increase. Europe saw 6.9% drop in consumption, lowest since 1994
Natural resources are raw inputs used in manufacturing. Renewable resources include solar, wind, and hydroelectric energy. Nonrenewable resources like fossil fuels have finite reserves
US oil industry started in 1859 with Pennsylvania oil rush. US became world's largest crude oil producer in 2023. Texas leads crude oil production, followed by Gulf of Mexico zone. US refining industry produces 18.5 million barrels daily
Isopentane is a five-carbon saturated hydrocarbon with formula C5H12. It is a volatile and flammable liquid. It is one of three structural isomers with C5H12 formula. The preferred IUPAC name is 2-methylbutane
Natural gas is a mixture of methane (95%) and other hydrocarbons. Forms underground from organic matter under anaerobic conditions. Contains traces of carbon dioxide, nitrogen, hydrogen sulfide, and helium