Direct translation uses structural elements that can be directly transferred. Borrowing involves direct word transfer from one language to another. Calque translates phrases word-for-word from another language. Literal translation works in some languages but not all
Collection of Middle Eastern and South Asian stories compiled in Arabic during Islamic Golden Age. Story follows Shahryār and Scheherazade's 1,001-night narrative. Title "Arabian Nights" first appeared in English edition in 1706
Belorussia was the official name of the country during the Soviet era. Belarus gained independence from the Soviet Union in 1991. Belorussia means "White Russia" and refers to the historical region. Belarus means "White Rus" and originates from medieval Kievan Rus
Founded in 1970 as 21-member organization, now has 93 members. Headquartered in Paris, France with 56 full members. Includes 5 associate members and 32 observers. Former French colonies and former French colonies are current members
Czech Wikipedia launched on May 3, 2002, initially using UseModWiki. First articles written by Czech editor of Esperanto Wikipedia in 2002/2003. Reached 1,000 articles by October 2003, mostly about Esperanto topics
Portuguese names consist of one or two personal names and two family surnames. Maximum allowed names: two personal names and four surnames. Maternal surnames usually precede paternal ones. Only last surname used in formal greetings