Ozonolysis cleaves unsaturated carbon-carbon bonds with ozone. Multiple carbon-carbon bonds are replaced by carbonyl groups. Reaction primarily targets alkenes, but alkynes and azo compounds can also be oxidized
Double bonds involve four electrons between atoms, unlike single bonds' two. Most commonly found between carbon atoms in alkenes. Can exist between different elements like carbonyl groups. Alexander Butlerov introduced double bonds in chemical notation
Cis-trans isomers are compounds with different configurations due to rigid structures. Alkenes require restricted rotation about double bonds. Double bonds must have two nonidentical groups on each carbon atom
C-C double bonds cannot rotate without breaking pi bonds. Geometric isomerism exists in alkenes due to restricted rotation. Cis/trans notation describes relative configuration of substituents
Alkenes contain carbon-carbon double bonds, while alkynes have carbon-carbon triple bonds. Unsaturated hydrocarbons are more reactive than saturated ones. Ethylene is the most produced synthetic organic chemical, used in polyethylene production. Natural alkenes include lycopene in fruits and carotenes in vegetables