Hydrograph shows flow rate versus time in rivers, channels, or conduits. Flow rates typically measured in cubic meters per second (m³/s) or cubic feet per second (cfs). Used in sewerage system design, especially surface water systems
Soil liquefaction occurs when saturated soil loses strength and behaves like liquid. First described by Allen Hazen in 1918 Calaveras Dam failure. Most common in loose, saturated sandy soils. Water fills pore spaces between soil grains during compression. Rapid loading can cause water pressures to exceed soil grain contact stresses
Fresh water accounts for 0.003% of global water availability. Saline water makes up 97% of Earth's total water. Freshwater lakes contain 87% of surface water globally
Abzu was underground fresh water with religious fertility qualities. All natural phenomena, including floods, originated from Abzu. Earth was conceived from Abzu's mating with saltwater ocean Tiamat
A body of water is any significant water accumulation on Earth's surface. Includes oceans, seas, lakes, ponds, wetlands, and moving water features. Some bodies are natural, others artificial (e.g., dams). Navigable waterways are considered bodies of water
Landslides are unavoidable natural disasters involving large ground movements. Slope instability can be caused by erosion, earthquakes, groundwater, or volcanic eruptions. Human activities like deforestation and heavy machinery vibrations can contribute