SNS links brain/spinal cord to skeletal muscles under conscious control. System consists of 43 nerve segments, 31 in spinal cord and 12 in brain stem. Contains both afferent (sensory) and efferent (motor) nerve fibers
Reuptake is neurotransmitter reabsorption by transporters in axon terminals. Neurotransmitters are too large and hydrophilic for membrane diffusion. First primary reuptake protein sequence published in 1990
CCA affects 3-7 per 1000 births in general population. Can be isolated or part of complex brain malformations. Often associated with Chiari II malformation and myelomeningocele. Up to 75% of cases have no identifiable cause
Sulci are shallow grooves surrounding gyri in cerebral cortex. Larger sulci are called fissures. Sulci range in depth between 1-3 centimetres. Two-thirds of folded cortex buried within sulci in humans
Cerebral cortex is outer layer of neural tissue in cerebrum. Contains 14-16 billion neurons organized into horizontal layers. Divided into four major lobes: frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital. Cortex is folded into gyri (peaks) and sulci (grooves). Human cortex is 2-4 mm thick, making up 40% of brain mass
Grey matter contains neuronal cell bodies, neuropil, glial cells, synapses, and capillaries. It appears light grey with yellowish or pinkish hues from blood vessels. Distinguished from white matter by its lack of myelinated axons