Companies faced raw material shortages in soap and margarine production. Lever Brothers established own plantations in South Africa and Congo. First scouring powder Vim launched in 1904 using Welsh silica. Jurgens and Van den Bergh formed margarine pooling agreement in 1908
Chemical compounds are made of identical molecules held together by chemical bonds. Everything around us contains chemicals, including food and sunlight. Chemical reactions cause changes in the world and our daily activities
Soap and detergents remove dirt from surfaces when dissolved in water. Cleaning process involves wetting, absorption, dispersion, and preventing re-deposition. Detergents must contain hydrophobic and hydrophilic parts for effective action
Palmolive soap was introduced in 1898 by B.J. Johnson Co. in Milwaukee. Soap contained coconut, palm and olive oils, originally floating like Ivory. Became world's best-selling soap within two years. Company name changed to Palmolive Soap Co. in 1917