Air intake system collects and directs oxygen-rich air to engine cylinders. Engine requires oxygen and fuel to function properly. Cold-air intake tube pulls air from outside engine bay
Introduced in 1993 as upgrade of 3rd generation Passat. Available as 4-door sedan and 5-door station wagon. Engine positioned perpendicular for easier repairs
Dashboard displays can be dials or digital. Normal system checks may illuminate briefly when ignition is on. Constant red/orange lights indicate serious faults requiring immediate attention
BMW Motorrad produces motorcycles since 1923. Current models include F650GS, F800GS, K1300GT, S1000RR, and R nineT
Circuit symbols show connections between components in diagrams. Actual component layout differs from diagram layout. Breadboard diagrams needed for building circuits
Turbocharger was invented by Alfred Büchi in 1905. First commercial application occurred in 1924 with heavy-duty turbocharger. Used in aircraft engines during World War II. First turbocharged cars were introduced in 1962