Capetian dynasty ruled France for over 800 years after Hugh Capet's accession in 987. Henry II gained control of western France through marriage to Eleanor of Aquitaine. Hundred Years' War (1337-1453) devastated France, especially due to Black Death
Kingdom established under Bavarian Prince Otto at London Conference in 1832. Otto was first king, succeeded by George I as King of Hellenes. First Greek referendum held in November 1862, Prince Alfred declined
Canada's monarchy is the foundation of federal and provincial governments. Current monarch is King Charles III, reigning since September 2022. Monarch resides in the UK, with viceroys representing Canada domestically. Monarch exercises executive, legislative, and judicial powers
Principality can be monarchical feudatory or sovereign state ruled by prince/princess. Surviving principalities include Liechtenstein, Monaco, and Andorra. Term "principality" sometimes used generically for small monarchies
A person ruling with unlimited authority. One with undisputed influence or power
Right of Nature is liberty to use power for personal preservation. Every man has natural right to everything, including others' bodies. Fundamental law is to seek peace and defend oneself. Second law requires mutual surrender of rights for peace