Tom Ford established his luxury fashion house in 2005 after leaving Gucci. Brand initially focused on cosmetics and eyewear partnerships. First flagship store opened in New York City in 2007. Tom Ford Beauty reached $1 billion in sales by 2017
Founded in 1847 by Louis-François Cartier in Paris. Remained family-controlled until 1964. Currently owned by Swiss Richemont Group. Operates over 200 stores in 125 countries
Niche perfumery emerged in late 20th century as alternative to mass production. L'Artisan Parfumeur (1976) was first niche firm according to Turin and Sanchez. Aedes de Venustas opened in New York City in 1995
Founded in 1985 by Italian designers Domenico Dolce and Stefano Gabbana. Met in 1982 while working for Giorgio Corregiari. First collection "Donne Vere" launched in 1986. First store opened in Milan in 1986
Luxury handbags typically cost over $1,000. Most affordable bags under $1,000 fall into the affordable segment
Cognac is a luxury brandy dating back to 18th century France. Ranking based on personal experience and industry reviews. Cognac requires specific distillation and maturation processes