Subcortical structures form the core of the brain, located deep within the cerebrum. They include diencephalon, pituitary gland, limbic structures and basal ganglia. These structures act as information hubs, relaying and modulating brain signals
The brain consists of cerebrum, cerebellum and brainstem. Cerebrum is divided into left and right hemispheres. Cerebral cortex is a convoluted gray matter structure
Males show renewed sexual interest when encountering new females. Effect occurs in both males and females. Caused by increased sexual responsiveness and shortened refractory period. Attributed to dopamine levels and limbic system activation
Located in medial aspect of cerebral cortex, above corpus callosum. Divided into Brodmann areas 23-33, including anterior and posterior regions. Forms part of limbic lobe, receiving inputs from thalamus and neocortex
James Papez proposed circuit connecting hypothalamus to limbic lobe in 1937. Paul MacLean modified circuit to include amygdala and septum in 1952. Circuit forms curved shape around brainstem, measuring 350 millimeters
Instinct is an innate inclination towards complex behaviors without learning. Fixed action patterns are simple sequences of actions without variation. Instincts exist in most members of species and differ from simple reflexes