Fieldscout TDR 300 measured VWC in sand and tuff with different solutions. Three experimental conditions tested: water/saline mixtures, EC-only solutions, and aqueous solutions. Measurements performed at 24°C in air-conditioned laboratory
Heat flows from high to low temperature regions naturally. Refrigerators and heat pumps transfer heat between low and high temperatures. COP measures refrigerator and heat pump performance. Vapor-compression cycle consists of compressor, condenser, expansion device, and evaporator
Guide provides 50+ chemistry IA ideas grouped by experimental techniques. List serves as inspiration, not ready-made project templates. Students must choose and own their own IA projects
Introduction should be 0.5-1 page, explaining topic importance and experiment method. Research question should include variables, units, and measurement method. Background information should focus directly on research question
Choose an interesting topic that allows testing correlations between variables. Develop a practical experiment plan including data collection methods. Select either experimental or simulation-based topics
Eight types of steel beam-column connections were studied. Research conducted at Skopje University's Laboratory for Structures. Models included rigid and semi-rigid connections with different beam sections