Materials processing has been practiced since ancient times. Mechanization began during the 18th century Industrial Revolution. Basic forming machines were developed in England in early 19th century
Ingot is a pure metal cast into shape for further processing. Non-metallic and semiconductor materials can also be called ingots. Precious metal ingots can be used as currency or reserve
Centrifugal casting creates thin-walled cylinders using high-speed rotating molds. Molten metal spreads along mold walls, solidifying from outside in. Process was invented by Alfred Krupp in 1852 for railway tyres
Process planning involves creating detailed technical documents and drawings. Material preparation includes selecting metals, sand mixtures, and equipment. Molds are created using various techniques like green sand molding. Metal is melted in furnaces and poured into molds. Post-casting operations include sand disposal and quality inspection
EUR-1 series offers industrial air treatment systems with various materials. Photovoltaic systems provide roof installations and inverter shelters. Outdoor products include mobile homes, gazebos, and waste containers
Forging is a metalworking process using localized compressive forces. Temperature determines the type of forging: hot, warm, and cold. Process choice depends on product application and cost limits