Biopower refers to modern nation states' control of populations through various mechanisms. Term first used by Foucault in Collège de France lectures in 1978. Closely related to biopolitics, which examines human life management
Biopolitics emerged from Michel Foucault's 1975-1976 lectures at Collège de France. Explores governmental power through population body and life management. Term first used by Rudolf Kjellén in 1905 to study state-society relationships
Realism views world politics as competition among self-interested states. States are primary actors in an anarchic global system. Power is central to state behavior and security. War is seen as inevitable in anarchic conditions
President serves as head of state and supreme commander of Irish Defence Forces. Elected directly by people for seven-year terms, maximum two terms. Current president is Michael D. Higgins since 2011. Office established in 1937, first president in 1938
Law enforcement officers enforce laws, protect life and property, maintain public safety. Modern legal codes include all persons vested by state with law enforcement authority. Traditionally anyone sworn, badged, and armable with arrest authority
Police are general-purpose law enforcement officers employed by various government agencies. Federal police serve as security forces, handling serious crimes through inspector general's offices. Police officers typically have police-type uniforms and patrol cars with emergency lights